Easy hikes and walks around Nacionalni park Una

At this location in Martin Brod, as seen in most photos, is the so-called 'Small Waterfall'. It is located on one of the tributaries of the Una River, on the left side of the river course flowing between various village houses and catering establishments. The Unac is a tributary of the Una and flows into the Una about a kilometer downstream.

Tuff or travertine is a sedimentary rock and belongs to the group of carbonate rocks. It forms around cold springs. It is characterized by its porosity. Tuff is a monomineral rock, meaning it is built from only one mineral - calcite. The structure is cryptocrystalline, while the texture is porous. It forms around cold springs, by the precipitation of calcium carbonate from a saturated aqueous solution of calcium bicarbonate. This happens in places where the water flow loses kinetic energy either due to an obstacle (aquatic plants) or due to a decrease in slope. The porous texture occurs because calcite is deposited around plants, and after their decay, cavities remain. Source: https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedra

The old town of Ostrovica was built on a hill of the same name, on the left bank of the Una River, above Kulen Vakuf. Before coming under Ottoman rule, it was in the hands of the Frankopans, Juraj Mikulčić, and Ivan Keglević. It came under Ottoman rule in 1523 and only gained significance after the Peace of Karlovac in 1699. From 1523 to 1878, the Turks kept a garrison in Ostrovica. The Turks significantly expanded it, and it then acquired its present form. The town is essentially an elongated rectangle with strong walls up to 10 m high. In 1577, the garrison numbered 60 horsemen and 150 infantrymen, and in 1834, only 20 men. The Imperial forces attacked this town several times (1560, 1698, 1737, 1789, and 1834). In terms of size, Ostrovica was a small town, but as it was located close to both the Venetian and Austrian borders, and also had a favorable defensive position, it was given great importance. Therefore, work was constantly carried out on its expansion and strengthening. The town is surrounded by strong ramparts 10 meters high, with a length of 117 and a width of 83 meters. The main gate was located in front of the ramparts. The fortress consisted of four towers and two bastions. The main entrance is from the south, and the secondary entrance from the north. The commander of the garrison held the title of dizdar, and was officially titled bašaga. From 1699, if not earlier, a captain resided in Ostrovica, who around 1791 moved his seat to Prkosi. Among the dizdars of Ostrovica, the following are mentioned: Nesuhaga (1637), Muhamedaga (1700), and Alijaga (1783). The town also became the seat of the Ostrovica Captaincy, which was founded in the early years of the 18th century and extended on both sides of the upper course of the Una River. It included Orašac, Havala, Kulen Vakuf, and the palankas of Čovka and Donji Lapac. Its captains were members of the well-known Bosnian family Kulenović. Ostrovica, Kulen Vakuf, and Orašac had 989 men in the war of 1714–1718, and after the peace treaty, 561 men. The very next year, 1720, their number increased by 428 men. The military garrison remained in Ostrovica until 1878. https://kulen-vakuf.com/stari-gradovi.html

Jama ‘Bezdan’ je masovna grobnica na planini Hrgar, jugoistočno od Bihaća. Radi se o prirodnoj vertikalnoj pećini, širokoj dva do tri metra i dubokoj 85 metara. U septembru i oktobru 1997. godine, među slojevima smeća u jami, otkriveni su posmrtni ostaci 83 osobe, od kojih je identifikovano 65. Bron: https://massgravesmap.balkaninsight.com/bezdan-pit/?lang=bs

Šehidsko obilježje su podigli mještani Ostrovice kao spomen “ubijenim sela Ostrovice od Srbo-četničkog agresdora 1992. godine i u toku rata”. Na mermernoj ploči uklesano je ukupno 15 imena: 10 Ostrovčana ubijenih i bačenih u jamu ‘Bezdan’ na planinin Hrgar u ljeto 1992. godine, 4 mještana ubijena u toku rata i jedne mještanke, civilne žrtva rata.

Ribolov u Nacionalnom parku "Una" nije samo sport — to je živa tradicija koja seže još od vremena Japoda, drevnih stanovnika ovih obala. Bistre i hladne vode rijeka Une i Unca već su generacijama privlačile ribolovce, a danas su pravo hodočasničko odredište za mušičare i varaličare iz cijele Europe. Park nudi sedam posebno organiziranih revira — tri ekskluzivna revira za mušičarenje (Martin Brod 7,5 km, Unac 900 m i Kulen Vakuf 1,5 km) te četiri revira za varaličarenje i ribolov s vodenom kuglicom (Ćelije–Klisa 14,5 km, Dvoslap 5,5 km, Gečet 3 km i Očigrije 1,7 km). Vidi: https://go-bosnia.com/entitet/ribolov-na-uni/

Fishing season: 01.03. to 30.09 – Brown trout / Salmo trutta 01.05. to 30.09 – Grayling / Thymallus thymallus The fishing rules in the fishing grounds will be explained to you by the ranger of NP Una, but it is important to know that these zones are strictly intended for fly fishing, on the principle of catch and release.

As everywhere where people live by rivers, fishing has remained an important tradition in the area of the National Park “Una” from the time of the Japods to the present day. Today, sport and recreational fishing is one of the favorite activities of tourists and nature lovers on the clear waters of the Una and Unca rivers. The declaration of the park did not prohibit fishing, but integrated it into the protection regime and tourist offer. Especially known are the fly-fishing areas on the Una and Unca, among which the unique area no. 1B “Kulen Vakuf” with a length of 1.5 km stands out. See: https://kulen-vakuf.com/flyfishing.html